OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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Which type of respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen?

Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation
Photosynthesis

The correct answer is: Aerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration is the type of respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. During this process, glucose is broken down with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and a significant amount of energy, typically in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This energy is essential for various cellular activities and processes in organisms, making aerobic respiration a highly efficient way to generate energy. The significance of aerobic respiration lies in its ability to yield much more energy compared to other forms of respiration, such as anaerobic respiration, which does not require oxygen and produces less energy. While fermentation can occur without oxygen, it is more broadly categorized under anaerobic processes. Photosynthesis, on the other hand, is a process utilized by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy but does not involve the breakdown of glucose for energy in the way respiration does.