OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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Which component of the blood is responsible for immune response?

Plasma
Red blood cells
Antibodies
Platelets

The correct answer is: Antibodies

The component of blood responsible for the immune response is antibodies. Antibodies are specialized proteins produced by a type of white blood cell known as B cells. They play a crucial role in the immune system by identifying and neutralizing pathogens like bacteria and viruses. When the body detects foreign invaders, B cells are activated to produce antibodies specifically tailored to bind to those pathogens. This binding can neutralize the pathogen directly or mark it for destruction by other immune cells. Plasma, while important for transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products, does not directly initiate the immune response. Red blood cells primarily function in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide, and platelets are essential for blood clotting. Therefore, antibodies are distinct in their function of protecting the body against infections, highlighting their central role in the immune response.