OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What is one psychological effect of depressants?

Increased aggression
Increased alertness
Feeling more relaxed
Enhanced memory

The correct answer is: Feeling more relaxed

The psychological effect of depressants that leads to feeling more relaxed is due to their ability to slow down brain activity and reduce the effects of stress and anxiety. Depressants, such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates, work primarily by enhancing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits nerve transmission in the brain. This results in a calming effect on the central nervous system, producing feelings of tranquility and relaxation. In contrast to this, substances that increase aggression often involve stimulants or other types of drugs that elevate mood or increase energy, which is not characteristic of depressants. Similarly, increased alertness and enhanced memory are typically associated with stimulants rather than depressants, as these substances can lead to heightened focus and cognitive function. Therefore, the calming, tranquilizing effects of depressants provide a clear understanding of why feeling more relaxed is the most accurate psychological effect among the options presented.