OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What is an example of a plant organ that exhibits negative phototropism?

  1. Flowers opening to sunlight

  2. Roots growing deeper into the soil

  3. Leaves turning towards the sun

  4. Stems bending upwards

The correct answer is: Roots growing deeper into the soil

Negative phototropism refers to the growth of a plant organ away from light. Roots are a prime example of this phenomenon. While shoots and leaves generally exhibit positive phototropism by bending or growing towards light to maximize photosynthesis, roots behave differently. They grow deeper into the soil, which is beneficial for accessing water and nutrients, as well as anchoring the plant. This growth pattern away from light ensures roots can thrive in their underground environment where they are rooted in darkness and can effectively perform essential functions without being exposed to light. This characteristic is vital for the overall health and stability of the plant.