OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

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What does high water potential indicate about a solution?

  1. It has a low concentration of water molecules

  2. It has a high concentration of solutes

  3. It indicates a high concentration of water molecules

  4. It means no water molecules can diffuse

The correct answer is: It indicates a high concentration of water molecules

High water potential indicates that a solution has a high concentration of water molecules. Water potential is a measure of the potential energy in water, specifically how freely water can move. In solutions, high water potential typically means that there are relatively few solute particles compared to the amount of water, allowing water molecules to move more freely. This is why high water potential correlates with a high concentration of water molecules; as solute concentration decreases, water potential increases. In contrast, if a solution has a low water potential, it would indicate a higher concentration of dissolved solutes, which lowers the concentration of water molecules. The presence of solutes decreases the overall availability of water molecules for movement, thus having a lower water potential.

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