OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What characterizes meristem cells in plants?

1. They are always in a state of dormancy

2. They produce specialized cells for growth

3. They are located exclusively in the leaves

4. They have a rigid cell structure

The correct answer is: They produce specialized cells for growth

Meristem cells in plants are characterized by their role in producing specialized cells for growth. These cells are undifferentiated, meaning they have not yet developed into specific types of cells, allowing them to divide and differentiate into various plant tissues as needed. This capability is essential for the growth and formation of new leaves, stems, and roots, enabling plants to adapt and thrive in their environments. The other options highlight characteristics that do not align with the function of meristem cells. For example, meristem cells are not always in a state of dormancy; rather, they are actively dividing to facilitate growth. They are also not confined to leaves, as they can be found in various areas of the plant, including the tips of roots and shoots. Finally, meristem cells do not possess a rigid cell structure; instead, they have the flexibility typical of undifferentiated cells, which aids in their ability to proliferate and form a variety of specialized tissues.